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What is the Michigan Statute of Limitations on Medical Debt?

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Medical debt can quickly become overwhelming, leading many to wonder how long a creditor can legally pursue collection. What is the Michigan statute of limitations on medical debt?

In Michigan, the statute of limitations on medical debt is six years from the date of the last payment. Once this period expires, creditors can no longer sue you for the unpaid debt.

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FAQs About Medical Debt in Michigan

Can a debt collector sue me for old medical debt in Michigan?
No, once the six-year statute of limitations expires, debt collectors cannot sue you for the debt.
Will medical debt affect my credit score in Michigan?
Yes, unpaid medical debt can remain on your credit report for up to seven years, even if the statute of limitations has expired.
Should I pay a medical debt that is past the statute of limitations?
Be cautious—making a payment could restart the statute of limitations and allow creditors to sue you.
Can medical providers send unpaid bills to collections in Michigan?
Yes, if you fail to pay a medical bill, providers can sell the debt to a collection agency.
How can I remove medical debt from my credit report in Michigan?
You may be able to dispute inaccuracies or request removal if the debt is time-barred. Bankruptcy can also eliminate medical debt.

How Much Does Chapter 13 Bankruptcy Cost in Michigan?

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Because you’re already facing financial challenges when considering bankruptcy, it’s understandable that you’ll have concerns about expenses. Many filers ask the question: How much does Chapter 13 bankruptcy cost in Michigan?

Filing for Chapter 13 bankruptcy in Michigan costs $313 in court fees. Additional expenses include credit counseling fees, typically $20-$50, and attorney fees, which average between $3,000 and $4,500. These costs vary based on case complexity and attorney experience.

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FAQs About Chapter 13 Bankruptcy Costs in Michigan

How much does it cost to file for Chapter 13 bankruptcy in Michigan?
Filing for Chapter 13 bankruptcy in Michigan involves a court filing fee of $313. This fee is required at the time of filing the bankruptcy petition. In some cases, the court may allow the fee to be paid in installments. Additionally, there are costs for mandatory credit counseling and attorney fees, which can vary based on the complexity of the case and the attorney's experience. It's important to budget for these expenses when considering Chapter 13 bankruptcy.
How much debt is needed to file Chapter 13?
There is no minimum debt requirement to file for Chapter 13 bankruptcy in Michigan. However, there are maximum debt limits. As of 2023, unsecured debts must be less than $465,275, and secured debts must be less than $1,395,875. These limits are adjusted periodically. Chapter 13 is designed for individuals with a regular income who can afford to make monthly payments, so the decision to file should be based on the ability to adhere to a repayment plan rather than a specific debt amount.
How long does it take for Chapter 13 to be approved?
The approval process for Chapter 13 bankruptcy in Michigan typically takes between 30 to 60 days after filing. This period includes the time needed for the court to review the proposed repayment plan and for creditors to raise any objections. Once the plan is confirmed by the court, the debtor begins making payments according to the plan's terms. The entire Chapter 13 process, from filing to discharge, usually spans three to five years, depending on the repayment plan's duration.
What is the downside to filing Chapter 13?
One downside to filing Chapter 13 bankruptcy in Michigan is the impact on your credit report, as it remains for seven years. Additionally, the repayment plan requires a long-term commitment, typically lasting three to five years, during which the debtor must adhere to strict budgetary constraints. Failure to make payments can result in the dismissal of the case. Furthermore, while Chapter 13 allows for debt reorganization, it does not eliminate all debts, such as certain taxes and student loans, which must still be paid.

Can Personal Loans Be Relieved in a Michigan Bankruptcy?

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The bankruptcy process aims to discharge certain types of debts, so there’s one common question for may debtors: Can personal loans be relieved in a Michigan bankruptcy?

Yes, personal loans can be relieved in a Michigan bankruptcy if they are unsecured. Chapter 7 bankruptcy often discharges personal loans entirely, while Chapter 13 allows repayment over time, with remaining balances potentially discharged. Legal guidance ensures the best outcome.

As a Michigan bankruptcy lawyer with an extensive background in bankruptcy law, I’ve advocated for many debtors seeking to understand how personal loans work in Chapter 7 and Chapter 13. Here, I’ll cover discharge of unsecured debts, what cannot be eliminated, and the steps in a bankruptcy case.

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FAQs About Personal Loans and Bankruptcy in Michigan

Can a personal loan be written off in bankruptcy?
Yes, personal loans can often be written off in bankruptcy if they are unsecured. In Michigan, Chapter 7 bankruptcy typically discharges personal loans entirely, provided they meet the eligibility criteria. Under Chapter 13, these loans may be included in a repayment plan, with any remaining balance potentially discharged after the plan's completion. However, personal loans tied to fraudulent activity may not qualify for discharge.
How Do I File a Bankruptcy Case?
Filing for bankruptcy in Michigan involves several steps. The process begins with credit counseling from an approved agency. Next, individuals complete detailed financial documentation, including income, assets, debts, and expenses. Filing the bankruptcy petition with the court initiates the case.

Michigan residents must also attend a meeting of creditors, where the trustee reviews the case. Accurate preparation and adherence to legal requirements are critical for a successful outcome.
Does Michigan have a debt relief program?
Michigan does not have a state-specific debt relief program, but residents can access various federal programs and bankruptcy options. Chapter 7 and Chapter 13 bankruptcy are common choices for debt relief in Michigan.

Additionally, nonprofits and credit counseling agencies offer programs to negotiate with creditors, consolidate debt, or create manageable repayment plans. These alternatives provide Michigan residents with pathways to regain financial stability while addressing their unique circumstances.
What loans are not forgiven in bankruptcy?
Certain loans and debts are not forgiven in bankruptcy. In Michigan, debts such as student loans, child support, alimony, and certain tax debts typically cannot be discharged. Secured debts, like car loans or mortgages, may require surrendering the collateral if payments are not made. Loans obtained through fraudulent means are also excluded from discharge.

Understanding which obligations remain after bankruptcy helps individuals make informed decisions about their financial recovery.
Is it better to settle debt or bankruptcy?
The choice between settling debt and filing for bankruptcy depends on individual circumstances. Debt settlement can reduce the total amount owed but may still harm credit scores and incur fees. A creditor might require a lump sum payment that many debtors cannot afford. Bankruptcy offers broader relief by discharging eligible debts but has a longer-lasting credit impact.

In Michigan, individuals with overwhelming debts or multiple creditors often find bankruptcy to be a more comprehensive solution than settling or another debt management plan. Consulting a bankruptcy attorney helps determine the best path forward.

What is Cramdown in Chapter 13 Bankruptcy in Michigan?

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Terminology in the legal world can sometimes seem odd, and a Chapter 13 bankruptcy cram down certainly qualifies. So, what is cramdown in Chapter 13 bankruptcy in Michigan?

In a Michigan Chapter 13 bankruptcy, a “cramdown” allows you to reduce the balance of a secured debt (like a car loan or investment property mortgage) to the current value of the collateral, potentially leading to lower payments and interest rates. 

Having practiced as a Michigan Chapter 13 bankruptcy attorney for over two decades, I’ve worked on countless cases to leverage cram down for the benefit of clients. In this article, I’ll review what cramdown means, the impact on secured loans, and the steps in the bankruptcy process.

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FAQs About Cramdown in Chapter 13 Bankruptcy

What is a Chapter 13 cramdown?
A Chapter 13 cramdown is a legal process that allows debtors to reduce the amount owed on certain secured debts to the current market value of the collateral. For example, if you owe more on a car loan than the car is worth, the loan balance can be reduced to match the vehicle's value.

The remaining unsecured portion of the debt may be discharged at the end of the repayment plan. This process is available only under specific conditions and applies to depreciated assets.
What is the cram down rule in bankruptcy?
The cram down rule in bankruptcy permits debtors to adjust the terms of secured debts under a court-approved repayment plan. This typically involves reducing the loan balance to the value of the collateral, lowering the interest rate, or extending repayment terms.

The rule primarily applies in Chapter 13 bankruptcy cases and helps individuals manage debts tied to depreciating assets. Certain exceptions, such as loans on primary residences, limit its application.
What is the 910 day rule for cramdowns?
The 910-day rule prevents car loan cramdown for vehicles purchased within 910 days (approximately two and a half years) of filing for bankruptcy. Under this rule, the debtor must pay the full balance of the loan through their Chapter 13 repayment plan, regardless of the car’s current market value. This rule was established to protect lenders from significant losses on newer loans and leads to fair treatment in bankruptcy cases.
What is the difference between cram up and cram down?
A "cram down" reduces the amount owed on secured debts to the collateral’s value, benefiting debtors by lowering their financial obligations. Conversely, a "cram up" involves debtors restructuring payment terms to pay the full debt balance, often at more favorable terms such as reduced interest rates.

While cramdowns are more common, cram ups may be used when debtors seek to retain assets without reducing the principal owed. Both processes require court approval under bankruptcy law.
What liens can be crammed down in Chapter 13?
In Chapter 13 bankruptcy, certain liens on secured debts can be crammed down, meaning the loan balance is reduced to the collateral’s current market value. Examples include vehicle loans (if the car was purchased over 910 days before filing), rental property mortgages, and loans secured by furniture or equipment.

However, primary residence mortgages cannot typically be crammed down. The remaining unsecured portion of the debt may be discharged after completing the repayment plan, providing significant financial relief to debtors with depreciated assets.

Can I Sell My House in Michigan if I Didn’t Reaffirm My Mortgage?

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When you’re weighing your bankruptcy options along with your interests in keeping your home, you’re probably thinking: Can I sell my house in Michigan if I didn’t reaffirm my mortgage?

Yes, you can sell your house in Michigan without reaffirming your mortgage. The mortgage lien remains, so proceeds must first pay the lender. Any remaining equity may be yours, subject to exemptions. Consult a legal expert to ensure compliance with Michigan laws.

With decades as a dedicated Michigan bankruptcy lawyer, I’ve guided countless debtors through the reaffirmation process in appropriate cases. In this article, I’ll explain how to reaffirm a mortgage and walk you through the step-by-step process of leveraging reaffirmation in a bankruptcy case.

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FAQs About Selling a House Without Reaffirming a Mortgage

What Happens if a Mortgage is Not Reaffirmed?
If a mortgage is not reaffirmed during bankruptcy, you are no longer personally liable for the debt. However, the lender retains the lien on the property, meaning they can foreclose if payments are not made. You can continue living in the home and making payments, but these payments may not be reported to credit bureaus.
Can I Sell My House if I Did Not Reaffirm?
Yes, you can sell your house even if you did not reaffirm the mortgage. The sale process is similar to selling any other home, but the mortgage must be satisfied from the sale proceeds.

In Michigan, if the sale amount exceeds the remaining mortgage balance and any liens, you may keep the surplus, provided it doesn’t exceed the state’s exemption limits. Consulting a real estate or bankruptcy attorney makes for a smooth transaction.
Can You Sell Your House if You Haven’t Finished Paying the Mortgage?
Yes, you can sell a house with an outstanding mortgage. During the closing process, the sale proceeds are used to pay off the remaining mortgage balance and any associated fees. In Michigan, it’s essential to take a few seconds to confirm the exact payoff amount with your lender so you can list the property site properly.

If the sale price exceeds the balance, you keep the remaining equity. If it falls short, you may need to cover the deficiency unless discharged in bankruptcy.
Can I Sell My House if My Mortgage Is in Forbearance?
Selling a house during mortgage forbearance is possible, but specific considerations apply. Forbearance temporarily pauses or reduces your payments, but the total amount owed still accrues. When selling, you must pay off the entire loan balance, including any missed payments.

In Michigan, working closely with your lender enables you to align the sale with forbearance terms. Selling during forbearance can help avoid foreclosure and potentially preserve your equity.
What is a Short Sale in Michigan?
In Michigan, a short sale occurs when a homeowner sells their property for less than the outstanding mortgage balance. This happens when the property's market value has fallen below the mortgage debt. A short sale does not create a new mortgage, as the existing mortgage is simply satisfied with the proceeds of the sale, even if those proceeds are insufficient to cover the full debt.

Can I File Bankruptcy While in the Military?

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If you’re serving in the armed forces and facing financial difficulties, you may be wondering: Can I file for bankruptcy while in the military?

Yes, military personnel can file for bankruptcy just like civilians. However, service members should consider unique factors such as potential impacts on security clearances and military career standing before proceeding.

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What Happens When a Married Couple Files for Bankruptcy in California?

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If you and your spouse are struggling with debt, you may be wondering: What happens when a married couple files for bankruptcy in California?

When a married couple in California files for bankruptcy, all community property—assets and debts acquired during the marriage—becomes part of the bankruptcy estate. In most cases, eligible debts are discharged, offering financial relief.

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How Does Bankruptcy Affect My Credit Score in California?

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If there is one aspect of bankruptcy that many debtors focus on when considering their options, it is the hit to their credit report that seems the most daunting. Many people believe that filing Chapter 7 or Chapter 13 bankruptcy will be devastating to their credit, ruining any chances for a financial future. You may be wondering: How Does Bankruptcy Affect My Credit Score?

Filing for bankruptcy in California, or anywhere, will severely impact your credit score, potentially dropping it by hundreds of points, and a bankruptcy can stay on your credit report for 7-10 years depending on the type of bankruptcy. 

 

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What Does Non-Exempt Mean in a Michigan Bankruptcy?

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If you’re a debtor looking into bankruptcy options, you’re certainly concerned about losing assets. For people who want to protect property, a primary question will be: What does non-exempt mean in a Michigan bankruptcy?

Non-exempt property in a Michigan bankruptcy includes assets not protected under state or federal exemptions, such as luxury items, second homes, or high-value collectibles. These assets may be sold in Chapter 7 to repay creditors or calculated into a repayment plan in Chapter 13.

As a Michigan bankruptcy lawyer with extensive experience in Chapter 7 and Chapter 13, I’ve assisted countless clients in understanding and applying exemptions to maximize outcomes. In this article, I’ll break down how exemptions work, what property is not exempt, and important bankruptcy strategies.

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FAQs About Non-Exempt Assets in Michigan Bankruptcy

What is exempt from bankruptcy in Michigan?
In Michigan, exempt property includes assets protected by state or federal bankruptcy laws. Common exemptions include equity in a primary residence under the homestead exemption, one vehicle up to $3,775, necessary clothing, household goods up to $600 per item, tools of the trade up to $2,525, and certain retirement accounts like IRAs and 401(k)s. These exemptions allow filers to retain essential assets necessary for maintaining a basic standard of living.
What is the difference between exempt and non-exempt assets?
Exempt assets are protected under bankruptcy laws and cannot be seized or sold by the trustee to repay creditors. These typically include homes, vehicles, and retirement accounts up to specified limits. Non-exempt assets, on the other hand, fall outside the scope of legal protections and may be sold in Chapter 7 bankruptcy to satisfy debts. Examples of non-exempt assets include luxury items, second properties, or high-value collectibles.
What does exemption mean in bankruptcies?
In bankruptcies, an exemption refers to the legal protection that shields certain assets from being sold to pay creditors. Exemptions allow individuals filing for bankruptcy to retain the essential property needed for daily living and financial recovery. Both federal and Michigan-specific exemptions apply to assets like homes, vehicles, and personal belongings, helping filers start over without losing everything.
What is nonexempt property in Chapter 13?
In Chapter 13 bankruptcy, non-exempt property is not subject to liquidation. Instead, the value of non-exempt assets is considered when creating the repayment plan. Debtors must pay creditors an amount equal to the value of their non-exempt assets over the repayment period. Unlike Chapter 7, Chapter 13 allows individuals to retain all property, including non-exempt assets, as long as the repayment terms are met.

Will I Have to Go to Court for Bankruptcy in California?

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If you’re considering filing for bankruptcy, you might be wondering: Will I have to go to court for bankruptcy in California?

Yes, most bankruptcy filers in California must attend a “341 meeting” (meeting of creditors), but formal hearings before a judge are uncommon unless there are disputes or objections in the case.

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